Data products (smart/IoT): sanitize first or destroy?

Understanding the importance of security in smart and IoT devices

With the growing popularity of smart and IoT devices, the amount of personal and sensitive data stored on these devices has increased considerably. Ensuring that this data is protected when disposing of or reusing such devices is key to preventing leaks and damage from unauthorized access.

Data sanitization: what it is and when to apply it

Sanitization refers to the process of completely removing data from a device, making the information inaccessible even to advanced recovery techniques. In IoT and smart devices, this involves deleting information stored in flash memories, internal databases and any type of local storage.

This process is indicated when the device will be reused, sold or transferred to someone else, ensuring that previous data cannot be accessed. Sanitization can be done through digital methods, such as secure formatting, the use of specialized software or the use of native commands to restore to factory defaults.

Physical destruction: when it is necessary and how to do it correctly

When the device does not have secure means for digital cleaning or is damaged, physical destruction becomes the safest option to prevent access to data. This is especially relevant for devices with internal storage, such as built-in SSDs, memory chips and integrated modules.

Shredding can include procedures such as fragmenting, demagnetizing or shredding the components that store the data. It is important to ensure that destruction is complete and irreversible to protect sensitive information from forensic recovery.

Factors that influence the choice between sanitizing and destroying

• Device condition: Devices in good condition can be sanitized and reused.
• Type of storage: Some IoT devices have integrated storage that makes digital sanitization difficult.
• Level of data sensitivity: Highly confidential data may require destruction to ensure maximum security.
• Standards and regulations: Some legislation specifies how data on devices should be handled at the end of their life cycle.

Good practices for the safe disposal of smart/IoT devices

In addition to choosing whether to sanitize or destroy, some practices should be adopted to ensure data security:

• Back up important data before sanitization.
• Use reliable tools for digital wiping.
• Document the sanitization or destruction processes to prove compliance.
• Recall specialized services for reliable destruction when necessary.
• Consider the environmental impact of disposal and seek sustainable solutions for recycling materials.

Conclusion

Deciding whether to sanitize or destroy smart and IoT devices depends on several factors, including the condition of the device, the characteristics of the data storage and the level of security required. While sanitization offers a good alternative for safe reuse or resale, physical destruction guarantees maximum protection against unauthorized access. Adopting appropriate practices for both processes is essential for protecting sensitive information and complying with information security best practices.