Why Old Small Appliances Are Dangerous to the Environment

Introduction to the Environmental Hazard of Old Small Appliances

Old small appliances pose significant risks to the environment due to the presence of toxic materials and the difficulty of proper disposal. These devices, when discarded improperly, release harmful substances that compromise the quality of soil, water, and air.

Composition and Hazardous Substances

These devices often contain heavy metals such as lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and hexavalent chromium (Cr VI), as well as plastic components with brominated flame retardants. According to Law No. 12,305/2010, which establishes the National Solid Waste Policy, improper disposal of these materials can cause environmental contamination and risks to public health.

Risk of Environmental Contamination

When old small appliances are discarded in common landfills or end up in natural environments, there is a risk of leaching heavy metals into the soil, contaminating aquifers and affecting local fauna and flora. CONAMA Resolution No. 401/2008 reinforces the need for proper management of these wastes to avoid environmental impacts.

Dangers to Human Health

Exposure to toxic substances present in these devices can cause neurological, respiratory, and dermatological problems in humans. Direct contact with metals such as mercury and cadmium is especially harmful, requiring strict care in handling and correct disposal.

Importance of Reverse Logistics and Selective Collection

Law No. 12,305/2010 mandates the implementation of reverse logistics systems for electronics, promoting the recovery and proper destination of waste. To ensure correct and environmentally safe disposal of equipment, the use of electronic waste collection is recommended, which guarantees treatment according to current regulations.

Safe Procedures for Data Disposal

Old devices, especially those with storage media, require special care for data protection and legal compliance. The disposal of media such as hard drives should be carried out through secure sanitization of electronic documents and data, preventing improper exposure of information and avoiding additional environmental impacts.

Conclusion

Old small appliances represent an indirect threat to the environment and human health due to their chemical composition and improper disposal. Compliance with current regulations and participation in formal collection and treatment systems are essential to mitigate these risks and promote sustainability.