Turning Hospital Waste into Sustainable Raw Materials

Hospital waste, classified according to Anvisa Resolution RDC No. 222/2018, represents an environmental and public health challenge. This article discusses techniques and legislation aimed at transforming this waste into a sustainable raw material, in line with the guidelines of the National Solid Waste Management Information System (SINIR) and the National Solid Waste Policy (Law No. 12.305/2010).

Classification and Impacts of Hospital Waste

Hospital waste comprises materials that present a biological, chemical and sharps risk. According to RDC Anvisa 222/2018, this waste is divided into groups that require specific handling to minimize environmental and health risks. Improper disposal can cause soil, water and air contamination, as well as health risks for workers and the population.

Related Legislation and Standards

The National Solid Waste Policy (Law No. 12.305/2010) establishes guidelines for integrated management and environmentally appropriate management, encouraging the reduction, reuse and recycling of solid waste. The National Solid Waste Management Information System (SINIR), in accordance with Decree No. 10.936/2022, organizes data to improve actions related to sustainable management.

Treatment and Sustainable Transformation

The treatment of hospital waste begins with efficient segregation at source, followed by technological processes that enable transformation into raw materials:

• Physico-chemical treatment: Disinfection and neutralization of hazardous chemical waste;
• Biochemical processes: Use of bioreactors for controlled decomposition of organic waste;
• Recycling: Reintegration of inert or uncontaminated materials into production chains.

These practices reduce the volume of waste and recover useful materials, in line with the principle of sustainability.

Environmentally Appropriate Disposal

The final disposal of treated hospital waste must follow the recommendations of CETESB and the competent environmental bodies, avoiding negative impacts. Disposal in specific landfills contributes to maintaining environmental safety.

Safe Handling of Electronic Equipment and Media with Sensitive Data

Hospital waste requires special attention in the safe disposal of electronic equipment and media containing sensitive data, in accordance with information security and environmental protection standards. To schedule a specialized collection, go to electronics collection. For sanitization and safe disposal of hard drives and media, use the service available at hard drive sanitization. These practices are essential to ensure legal compliance and the security of hospital data.

Final Thoughts

The transformation of hospital waste into sustainable raw material is an obligation under current legislation, which requires coordinated efforts for proper handling, effective treatment and environmentally safe disposal. Adherence to these practices strengthens the commitment to public health and environmental protection.